Review the Research<\/p>\n
Get summaries of key research on vitamin D and COVID-19<\/h5><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\nCirculating Vitamin D levels status and clinical prognostic indices in COVID-19 patients<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h1><\/div>Take Home Message<\/span><\/h2><\/div>Th<\/span><\/span>is<\/span><\/span> study compared<\/span><\/span> vitamin D [25(OH)D] <\/span><\/span>plasma levels with different health related scores, inflammatory<\/span><\/span> markers, markers of cellular damage and coagulation<\/span><\/span> and <\/span><\/span>lung <\/span><\/span>radiological findings during COVID-19 illness.<\/span><\/span> P<\/span><\/span>atients with low <\/span><\/span>25(OH)D <\/span><\/span>plasma levels had<\/span><\/span> compromised biochemical and clinical findings reflected<\/span><\/span> by profound immunological involvement. Vitamin D<\/span><\/span> insufficiency and deficiency were common in COVID-19 affected patients<\/span><\/span>; only about<\/span><\/span> 8% of the study cohort had<\/span><\/span> normal <\/span><\/span>25(OH)D<\/span><\/span> plasma levels. Patients with more severe<\/span><\/span> COVID-19 disease had lower <\/span><\/span>25(OH)D<\/span><\/span> plasma levels regardless<\/span><\/span> of age.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>Who<\/span><\/h2><\/div>Fifty-two patients hospitalized in Rome, Italy with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) confirmed COVID-19 infection and with different degrees of lung involvement.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>Length of Study
\n<\/span><\/p><\/h2><\/div>Information<\/span><\/span> not provided<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/b>Results<\/span><\/h2><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n- Of the 52<\/span> patients enrolled in the study<\/span>,<\/span> 52% were women (n=<\/span>27<\/span> female and 25 male<\/span>) with a<\/span> median age <\/span>of <\/span>68<\/span>.<\/span>4 years<\/span> (<\/span>rang<\/span>e<\/span>, <\/span>29<\/span>–<\/span>94 years<\/span>).<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
- If plasma 25(OH)D was <25 nmol\/L, the patient was assigned to Group 1 (<\/span>mean value <\/span>14.13<\/span>\u00b1<\/span>6.0<\/span> n<\/span>mol<\/span>\/L), <\/span>and if <\/span>plasma 25(OH)D <\/span>>25 nmol\/L to Group 2 (<\/span>53.85<\/span>\u00b1<\/span>22.0<\/span> n<\/span>mol<\/span>\/L).\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
- Twenty-two of the patients were assigned to Group 1 [42.3% (22\/52)] and <\/span>30<\/span> to Group 2 [57.7% (30\/52)].<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
- The mean ages of the patients in Group 1 and Group 2 were 77.5<\/span>\u00b1<\/span>16 years and 68.9<\/span>\u00b1<\/span>18 years, respectively.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
- Patients<\/span> in Group 1 with <\/span>very <\/span>low <\/span>plasma <\/span>25(OH)D levels<\/span> had elevated D-<\/span>d<\/span>imer values, a <\/span>higher<\/span> B lymphocyte cell count, a<\/span> reduction <\/span>in<\/span> CD8+ T lymphocytes with a low CD4\/CD8 ratio, more <\/span>serious<\/span> clinical findings (<\/span>e.g., organ dysfunction<\/span>) and <\/span>more lung<\/span> involvement.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>
![](\"http:\/\/vitamindandme.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/1Ricci-iStock-1201549319-1.jpg\")
<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>Things to Keep in Mind<\/span><\/h2><\/div>Major limitations of this study include:<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n\n- The small <\/span>sample size<\/span> (n=52)<\/span>,<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
- Lack of a healthy (non-COVID infected) control group, and<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
- Its single-center setting, which does not allow generalization to other populations.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>
Author\u2019s Conclusions<\/span><\/h2><\/div><\/div><\/div>“<\/span><\/h2><\/div><\/div><\/div>The<\/span><\/span> data underline a relationship between <\/span><\/span>25(OH)D <\/span><\/span>plasma levels and different serum markers of disease. <\/span><\/span>Without more data,<\/span><\/span> however,<\/span><\/span> it is<\/span><\/span>
Circulating Vitamin D levels status and clinical prognostic indices in COVID-19 patients<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h1><\/div>Take Home Message<\/span><\/h2><\/div>Th<\/span><\/span>is<\/span><\/span> study compared<\/span><\/span> vitamin D [25(OH)D] <\/span><\/span>plasma levels with different health related scores, inflammatory<\/span><\/span> markers, markers of cellular damage and coagulation<\/span><\/span> and <\/span><\/span>lung <\/span><\/span>radiological findings during COVID-19 illness.<\/span><\/span> P<\/span><\/span>atients with low <\/span><\/span>25(OH)D <\/span><\/span>plasma levels had<\/span><\/span> compromised biochemical and clinical findings reflected<\/span><\/span> by profound immunological involvement. Vitamin D<\/span><\/span> insufficiency and deficiency were common in COVID-19 affected patients<\/span><\/span>; only about<\/span><\/span> 8% of the study cohort had<\/span><\/span> normal <\/span><\/span>25(OH)D<\/span><\/span> plasma levels. Patients with more severe<\/span><\/span> COVID-19 disease had lower <\/span><\/span>25(OH)D<\/span><\/span> plasma levels regardless<\/span><\/span> of age.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>Who<\/span><\/h2><\/div>Fifty-two patients hospitalized in Rome, Italy with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) confirmed COVID-19 infection and with different degrees of lung involvement.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>Length of Study
\n<\/span><\/p><\/h2><\/div>Information<\/span><\/span> not provided<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/b>Results<\/span><\/h2><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n- Of the 52<\/span> patients enrolled in the study<\/span>,<\/span> 52% were women (n=<\/span>27<\/span> female and 25 male<\/span>) with a<\/span> median age <\/span>of <\/span>68<\/span>.<\/span>4 years<\/span> (<\/span>rang<\/span>e<\/span>, <\/span>29<\/span>–<\/span>94 years<\/span>).<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
- If plasma 25(OH)D was <25 nmol\/L, the patient was assigned to Group 1 (<\/span>mean value <\/span>14.13<\/span>\u00b1<\/span>6.0<\/span> n<\/span>mol<\/span>\/L), <\/span>and if <\/span>plasma 25(OH)D <\/span>>25 nmol\/L to Group 2 (<\/span>53.85<\/span>\u00b1<\/span>22.0<\/span> n<\/span>mol<\/span>\/L).\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
- Twenty-two of the patients were assigned to Group 1 [42.3% (22\/52)] and <\/span>30<\/span> to Group 2 [57.7% (30\/52)].<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
- The mean ages of the patients in Group 1 and Group 2 were 77.5<\/span>\u00b1<\/span>16 years and 68.9<\/span>\u00b1<\/span>18 years, respectively.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
- Patients<\/span> in Group 1 with <\/span>very <\/span>low <\/span>plasma <\/span>25(OH)D levels<\/span> had elevated D-<\/span>d<\/span>imer values, a <\/span>higher<\/span> B lymphocyte cell count, a<\/span> reduction <\/span>in<\/span> CD8+ T lymphocytes with a low CD4\/CD8 ratio, more <\/span>serious<\/span> clinical findings (<\/span>e.g., organ dysfunction<\/span>) and <\/span>more lung<\/span> involvement.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>
Things to Keep in Mind<\/span><\/h2><\/div>Major limitations of this study include:<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n\n- The small <\/span>sample size<\/span> (n=52)<\/span>,<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
- Lack of a healthy (non-COVID infected) control group, and<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
- Its single-center setting, which does not allow generalization to other populations.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>
Author\u2019s Conclusions<\/span><\/h2><\/div><\/div><\/div>“<\/span><\/h2><\/div><\/div><\/div>The<\/span><\/span> data underline a relationship between <\/span><\/span>25(OH)D <\/span><\/span>plasma levels and different serum markers of disease. <\/span><\/span>Without more data,<\/span><\/span> however,<\/span><\/span> it is<\/span><\/span>
Take Home Message<\/span><\/h2><\/div>Th<\/span><\/span>is<\/span><\/span> study compared<\/span><\/span> vitamin D [25(OH)D] <\/span><\/span>plasma levels with different health related scores, inflammatory<\/span><\/span> markers, markers of cellular damage and coagulation<\/span><\/span> and <\/span><\/span>lung <\/span><\/span>radiological findings during COVID-19 illness.<\/span><\/span> P<\/span><\/span>atients with low <\/span><\/span>25(OH)D <\/span><\/span>plasma levels had<\/span><\/span> compromised biochemical and clinical findings reflected<\/span><\/span> by profound immunological involvement. Vitamin D<\/span><\/span> insufficiency and deficiency were common in COVID-19 affected patients<\/span><\/span>; only about<\/span><\/span> 8% of the study cohort had<\/span><\/span> normal <\/span><\/span>25(OH)D<\/span><\/span> plasma levels. Patients with more severe<\/span><\/span> COVID-19 disease had lower <\/span><\/span>25(OH)D<\/span><\/span> plasma levels regardless<\/span><\/span> of age.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>Who<\/span><\/h2><\/div>Fifty-two patients hospitalized in Rome, Italy with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) confirmed COVID-19 infection and with different degrees of lung involvement.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>Length of Study
\n<\/span><\/p><\/h2><\/div>Information<\/span><\/span> not provided<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/b>Results<\/span><\/h2><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n- Of the 52<\/span> patients enrolled in the study<\/span>,<\/span> 52% were women (n=<\/span>27<\/span> female and 25 male<\/span>) with a<\/span> median age <\/span>of <\/span>68<\/span>.<\/span>4 years<\/span> (<\/span>rang<\/span>e<\/span>, <\/span>29<\/span>–<\/span>94 years<\/span>).<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
- If plasma 25(OH)D was <25 nmol\/L, the patient was assigned to Group 1 (<\/span>mean value <\/span>14.13<\/span>\u00b1<\/span>6.0<\/span> n<\/span>mol<\/span>\/L), <\/span>and if <\/span>plasma 25(OH)D <\/span>>25 nmol\/L to Group 2 (<\/span>53.85<\/span>\u00b1<\/span>22.0<\/span> n<\/span>mol<\/span>\/L).\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
- Twenty-two of the patients were assigned to Group 1 [42.3% (22\/52)] and <\/span>30<\/span> to Group 2 [57.7% (30\/52)].<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
- The mean ages of the patients in Group 1 and Group 2 were 77.5<\/span>\u00b1<\/span>16 years and 68.9<\/span>\u00b1<\/span>18 years, respectively.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
- Patients<\/span> in Group 1 with <\/span>very <\/span>low <\/span>plasma <\/span>25(OH)D levels<\/span> had elevated D-<\/span>d<\/span>imer values, a <\/span>higher<\/span> B lymphocyte cell count, a<\/span> reduction <\/span>in<\/span> CD8+ T lymphocytes with a low CD4\/CD8 ratio, more <\/span>serious<\/span> clinical findings (<\/span>e.g., organ dysfunction<\/span>) and <\/span>more lung<\/span> involvement.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>
Things to Keep in Mind<\/span><\/h2><\/div>Major limitations of this study include:<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n\n- The small <\/span>sample size<\/span> (n=52)<\/span>,<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
- Lack of a healthy (non-COVID infected) control group, and<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
- Its single-center setting, which does not allow generalization to other populations.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>
Author\u2019s Conclusions<\/span><\/h2><\/div><\/div><\/div>“<\/span><\/h2><\/div><\/div><\/div>The<\/span><\/span> data underline a relationship between <\/span><\/span>25(OH)D <\/span><\/span>plasma levels and different serum markers of disease. <\/span><\/span>Without more data,<\/span><\/span> however,<\/span><\/span> it is<\/span><\/span>
Th<\/span><\/span>is<\/span><\/span> study compared<\/span><\/span> vitamin D [25(OH)D] <\/span><\/span>plasma levels with different health related scores, inflammatory<\/span><\/span> markers, markers of cellular damage and coagulation<\/span><\/span> and <\/span><\/span>lung <\/span><\/span>radiological findings during COVID-19 illness.<\/span><\/span> P<\/span><\/span>atients with low <\/span><\/span>25(OH)D <\/span><\/span>plasma levels had<\/span><\/span> compromised biochemical and clinical findings reflected<\/span><\/span> by profound immunological involvement. Vitamin D<\/span><\/span> insufficiency and deficiency were common in COVID-19 affected patients<\/span><\/span>; only about<\/span><\/span> 8% of the study cohort had<\/span><\/span> normal <\/span><\/span>25(OH)D<\/span><\/span> plasma levels. Patients with more severe<\/span><\/span> COVID-19 disease had lower <\/span><\/span>25(OH)D<\/span><\/span> plasma levels regardless<\/span><\/span> of age.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div> Fifty-two patients hospitalized in Rome, Italy with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) confirmed COVID-19 infection and with different degrees of lung involvement.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div> Length of Study Information<\/span><\/span> not provided<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div> Major limitations of this study include:<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n The<\/span><\/span> data underline a relationship between <\/span><\/span>25(OH)D <\/span><\/span>plasma levels and different serum markers of disease. <\/span><\/span>Without more data,<\/span><\/span> however,<\/span><\/span> it is<\/span><\/span>Who<\/span><\/h2><\/div>
\n<\/span><\/p><\/h2><\/div><\/b>Results<\/span><\/h2><\/div><\/div><\/div>
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<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>Things to Keep in Mind<\/span><\/h2><\/div>
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Author\u2019s Conclusions<\/span><\/h2><\/div><\/div><\/div>
“<\/span><\/h2><\/div><\/div><\/div>